(Many dates are just approximate based on which method is used to determine them)
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United Kingdom
- Saul
- Became King @age 30
- Ish-Botheth (Just Northern)
- Made king over "Israel" (just the north) @age 40 by Abner, Commander of Saul's army.
- Reigned for 2 years fighting against David.
- David
- Became King @age 30
- King for 7 years 6 months over Judah in Hebron, then 33 in Jerusalem over all Israel, 40 years in all.
- Solomon
- Built the Temple of the Lord
- Reigned for 40 years
Southern Kingdom / Judah
- Rehoboam
- 930 - 913 BC
- Became king at 41 years old
- Ignores father's advisors and follows his friends (bad) advice.
- Jeroboam rebels and takes the 10 northern tribes away
- Reigned for 17 years
- Did sins, High places
- Abijah / Abijam)
- 913 - 910 BC
- Became king in the 18th year of King Jeroboam of Israel
- Reigned for 3 years
- trusts God in battle
- Asa
- 910 - 869 BC
- Became king in the 20th year of King Jeroboam of Israel
- Reigned for 41 years
- Did right, expelled the prostitutes but did not remove the High Places
- War with King Baasha
- When attacked, turned to God.
- Prophet: Azariah
- Jehoshaphat
- 872 - 848 BC
- 872 - 869 BC, Overlapping with Asa
- 869 BC beginning of sole reign
- 853 - 848 BC overlapping with Jehoram as regent
- Reigned for 25 years (872 - 848)
- Reign began in the 4th of Ahab (869 BC)
- Allied with King Ahab of Israel
- Jehoram
- 853 - 841 BC
- 848 BC beginning of sole reign
- Reigned for 8 years (853 - 841)
- Reign began in the 5th year of Joram (848 BC)
- Ahaziah
- 841 BC
- Reigned for 1 year
- Began in the 11th year of Joram
- Queen Athaliah: Mother of Ahaziah, Daugther of King Ahab of Israel.
- 841 - 835 BC
- Reigned for 7 years
- Tried to kill all of Ahaziah's family, but Joash (an infant) is saved.
- Joash / Jehoash
- 835 - 796 BC
- Reigned for 40 years
- Began in the 7th year of Jehu
- Guided by the priest Jehoiada, and did right while he was alive.
- Amaziah
- 796 - 767 BC
- Reigned for 29 years
- Began in the 2nd year of Jehoash
- Uzziah / Azariah
- 792 - 740 BC
- 792 - 767 overlap with Amaziah
- Reigned for 52 years (792 - 740)
- Reign began in the 27th year of Jeroboam
- Start of the Prophet Isaiah
- Jotham
- 750 - 732 BC
- 750 - 740 BC Overlap with Uzziah / Azeriah
- 735 - 732 BC Overlap with Ahaz
- Reigned for 16 years (750 - 735)
- Began in the 2nd year of Pekah
- Ahaz
- 735 - 715 BC
- 735 - 732 BC overlap with Jotham
- 732 BC beginning of sole reign
- Reigned for 16 years
- Reign began in the 17th year of Pekah
- Hezekiah
- 729 - 686 BC
- 729 - 715 BC overlap with Ahaz
- 715 BC begins sole reign
- Reigned for 29 years (715 - 686)
- Reign began in the 3rd of Hoshea*
- opens doors of the temple
- major repentance
- Attacked by Assyrian Sennacherib in 701 BC, turns to God, who protects them.
- Manasseh
- 697 - 642 BC
- 697 - 715 BC overlap with Hezekiah
- Reigned for 55 years (697-642)
- Does evil.
- Amon
- 642 - 640 BC
- Reigned for 2 years
- Begins at age 21
- Josiah
- 640 - 609 BC
- Reigned for 31 years
- Becomes king at age 8
- Major reforms
- Book of the Law Found, Covenant Renewed
- Jehoahaz / Shallum
- 609 BC
- Reigned for 3 months
- fourth son of Josiah
- Defeated by Pharaoh Neco
- Jehoiakim / Eliakim
- 609 - 598 BC
- Reigned for 11 years as a vassal to Egypt
- Older brother of Jehoahaz, 2nd son of Josiah
- 2 Kings 23:34-24:6, 2 Chr 36:4-8, Jer 22, 24-28, 35-37
- First. Deportation 605 BC, Nebuchadnezzar repels the Egyptians and takes over. Daniel to Babylon
- Jehoiachin
- 598 - 597 BC
- Reigned for 3 months
- Captured by Nebuchadnezzar,
- 2nd Deportation in 597: Jehoiachin and Ezekiel to Babylon
- Zedekiah / Mattaniah
- 3rd son of Josiah
- 597 - 586 BC
- Reigned for 11 years
- 3rd/final deportation: Taken into Captivity by King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon 586 BCE.
Northern Kingdom / Israel
- Jeroboam I
- 930 - 909 BC
- reigned 22 years
- Jeroboam leads a rebellion against Solomon and later Rehoboam
- Promised the 10 tribes by Ahijah
- Golden calves in Bethel and Dan
- Nadab
- Son of Jeroboam
- 909 - 908 BC
- Became king in the second year of Asa
- Reigned for 2 years
- Baasha (new line)
- 908 - 886 BC
- Became king in the 3rd year of Asa, by force
- Reigned for 24 years
- Killed all of Jeroboam's line, fulfilling the prophecy.
- Elah
- Son of Baasha
- 886 - 885 BC
- He became king in the 26th year of Asa
- Reigned for 2 years
- Zimri (new line)
- 885 BC
- He became king in the 27th year of Asa
- Reigned for 7 days.
- Kills all of Baasha's line, fulfilling prophecy of Jehu
- Kills self to avoid capture by Omri
- Tibni (new line)
- 885 - 880 BC as a rival to Omri chosen by some of the people.
- Omri (new line)
- 885 - 874 BC
- 885 - 880 shard with Tibni
- 880 - 874 BC (Sole Reign)
- Defeated Zimri.
- Reign began in the 27th year of Asa
- Reigned for 12 years (885 - 874)
- Builds the city of Samaria and makes it the Capital.
- Ahab
- Son of Omri
- 874 - 853 BC
- Reigned for 22 years
- Reign began in the 38th year of Asa
- Beginning of the Prophet Elijah, Mt Carmel
- Greatly increase sin of Israel, Baal worship, Idolatry
- Wife is Jezebel
- Vineyard of Naboth
- Ahaziah
- Son of Ahab
- 853 - 852 BC
- Reigned for 2 years
- Reign began in the 17th year of Jehoshaphat
- Joram / Jehoram
- Son of Ahab
- 852 - 841 BC
- 2 Kings 1:17 Reign began 2nd year of Jehoram (during Jehoram's sharing with Jehoshaphat)
- 2 Kings 3:1 18th year of Jehoshaphat, Reigned for 12 years.
- Jehu (new line)
- 841 - 814 BC
- Reigned for 28 years
- Kills Ahab's sons & Jezebel
- Kills Baal Worshipers (but doesn't remove the calves)
- Tribute to Assyrian: Shalmaneser III
- Jehoahaz
- son of Jehu
- 814 - 798 BC
- Reigned for 17 years
- Reign began in 23rd year of Joash
- Jehoash / Joash
- son of Jehoahaz
- 798 - 782 BC
- Reigned for 16 years
- Reign began in the 37th year of Joash
- Jeroboam II
- son of Joash
- 793 - 753 BC
- Reigned for 41 years
- Reign began in the 15th year of Amaziah
- Zechariah
- son of Jeroboam
- 753 BC
- Reigned for 6 months
- Reign began in the 38th year of Amaziah
- suffers the punishment for Jehu's evil
- Shallum (new line)
- 752 BC
- Reigned for 1 month
- Reign began in the 38th year of Amaziah
- Kills Zechariah and the line of Jehu
- Menahem (new line)
- 752 - 742 BC (in Samaria, overlapping with Pekah)
- Reigned for 10 years
- Reign began in the 39th year of Amaziah
- Pekahiah
- son of Menahem
- 742 - 740 BC (in Samaria, overlapping with Pekah)
- Reigned for 2 years
- Reign began in the 50th year of Amaziah
- Pekah (new line)
- 752 - 740 Reigned in Gilead (overlapping with Menaheim and Pekahiah)
- 740 - 732 BC (Sole Reign)
- Reigned for 20 years
- Reign began in the 52nd year of Amaziah (740 BC)
- Hoshea (new line)
- 732 - 722 BC
- Reigned for 9 years
- Reign began in 12th year of Ahaz*
- Taken into Captivity by King Shalmaneser of Assyria 722 BCE.
Foreign Rulers
Assyrian
- Tiglath-Pileser III
- Attack Northern Kingdom
- Shalmaneser V
- 727 BC - 722 BC
- Capture Samaria 722 BC
- Sargon II
- 722 BC - 705 BC
- Sennacherib
- 705 BC - 681 BC
- Move Capital to Ninevah
Babylonian
- Nabopolssar
- 626 BC - 605 BC
- Nebuchadnezzar
- 605 BC - 562 BC
- 1st Deportation: 605 BC (Daniel)
- 2nd Deportation: 597 BC (Jehoichin, Ezekiel)
- Destruction of Jerusalem, Final Deportation 586 BC
- Dream of Great Tree
- Amel-Marduk
- 562 BC - 560 BC
- Nabonidus
- 556 BC- 539 BC
- Belshazzar
- Crown Prince as Nabonidus away
- Dreams of beasts
- Writing on the Wall
Persian
- Darius the Mede? (Cyrus or underling?)
- No historical record of someone called Darius that fits here
- Cyrus
- 539 Defeats Babylon
- Decree that Israelites to return to their land
- Darius
- 522 BC - 486 BC
- Xerxes I
- 486 BC - 465 BC
- Book of Esther
- Artazexes I
- 465 BC - 424 BC
Sheshbazzar is Governor in Jerusalem after rebuilding.
Greeks
334 BC, Alexander begins his conquest of the Persian Empire
332 BC Alexander Conquers Palestine
323 BC Alexander Dies, Empire Divided, Ptolomies take over Egypt and Palestine
198 BC Seleucids from Syria took Palestine over from Ptolomies
Judas Maccabaeus
166 BC Lead rebellion that lead to semi-independance
Replaced by Hasmoneans in 142 BC and fuller independence.
Romans
63 BC Take Control
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